大龄程序员如何分享架构经验，内行能看出哪些门道？
摘要：孔乙己显出极高兴的样子，将两个指头的长指甲敲着柜台，点头说：“对呀，对呀！......回字有四样写法，你知道么？”
原创2022-10-15 17:01·码农阿峰
前言
孔乙己显出极高兴的样子，将两个指头的长指甲敲着柜台，点头说：“对呀，对呀！......回字有四样写法，你知道么？”
大家好，我是44岁的大龄程序员码农阿峰。阿峰从事编程二十年了，虽然没有成为架构师，却也用过很多种架构。我觉得一招鲜走遍天，架构师常用的那几招我还是会的，听我来说道说道。我以为至少有这几招：
模板方法设计模式
反射
不重复造轮子，集众家所长
架构经验总结
1).模板方法设计模式的运用
在一个方法中定义了一个算法的骨架或者步骤，而将一些步骤延迟到子类中去实现。模板方法使得子类可以在不改变算法结构的情况下，重新定义算法中的某一些步骤。
#父类：
namespace Repository
{
/// <summary>
/// 数据库存储泛型基类
/// </summary>
/// <typeparam name="T"></typeparam>
public class BaseRepository<T> : SimpleClient<T> where T : class, new()
{
public ITenant itenant = null;//多租户事务
public BaseRepository(ISqlSugarClient context = null) : base(context)
{
//通过特性拿到ConfigId
var configId = typeof(T).GetCustomAttribute<TenantAttribute>()?.configId;
if (configId != null)
{
Context = DbScoped.SugarScope.GetConnectionScope(configId);//根据类传入的ConfigId自动选择
}
else
{
Context = context ?? DbScoped.SugarScope.GetConnectionScope(0);//没有默认db0
}
itenant = DbScoped.SugarScope;//设置租户接口
}
#region add
/// <summary>
/// 插入实体
/// </summary>
/// <param name="t"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
public int Add(T t)
{
return Context.Insertable(t).IgnoreColumns(true).ExecuteCommand();
}
public int Insert(List<T> t)
{
return Context.Insertable(t).ExecuteCommand();
}
public int Insert(T parm, Expression<Func<T, object>> iClumns = null, bool ignoreNull = true)
{
return Context.Insertable(parm).InsertColumns(iClumns).IgnoreColumns(ignoreNullColumn: ignoreNull).ExecuteCommand();
}
public IInsertable<T> Insertable(T t)
{
return Context.Insertable<T>(t);
}
#endregion add
#region update
public IUpdateable<T> Updateable(T entity)
{
return Context.Updateable(entity);
}
public int Update(T entity, bool ignoreNullColumns = false)
{
return Context.Updateable(entity).IgnoreColumns(ignoreNullColumns).ExecuteCommand();
}
public int Update(T entity, Expression<Func<T, object>> expression, bool ignoreAllNull = false)
{
return Context.Updateable(entity).UpdateColumns(expression).IgnoreColumns(ignoreAllNull).ExecuteCommand();
}
/// <summary>
/// 根据实体类更新指定列 eg：Update(dept, it => new { it.Status }, f => depts.Contains(f.DeptId));只更新Status列，条件是包含
/// </summary>
/// <param name="entity"></param>
/// <param name="expression"></param>
/// <param name="where"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
public int Update(T entity, Expression<Func<T, object>> expression, Expression<Func<T, bool>> where)
{
return Context.Updateable(entity).UpdateColumns(expression).Where(where).ExecuteCommand();
}
public int Update(SqlSugarClient client, T entity, Expression<Func<T, object>> expression, Expression<Func<T, bool>> where)
{
return client.Updateable(entity).UpdateColumns(expression).Where(where).ExecuteCommand();
}
/// <summary>
///
/// </summary>
/// <param name="entity"></param>
/// <param name="list"></param>
/// <param name="isNull">默认为true</param>
/// <returns></returns>
public int Update(T entity, List<string> list = null, bool isNull = true)
{
if (list == null)
{
list = new List<string>()
{
"Create_By",
"Create_time"
};
}
return Context.Updateable(entity).IgnoreColumns(isNull).IgnoreColumns(list.ToArray()).ExecuteCommand();
}
/// <summary>
/// 更新指定列 eg：Update(w => w.NoticeId == model.NoticeId, it => new SysNotice(){ Update_time = DateTime.Now, Title = "通知标题" });
/// </summary>
/// <param name="where"></param>
/// <param name="columns"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
public int Update(Expression<Func<T, bool>> where, Expression<Func<T, T>> columns)
{
return Context.Updateable<T>().SetColumns(columns).Where(where).RemoveDataCache().ExecuteCommand();
}
#endregion update
public DbResult<bool> UseTran(Action action)
{
try
{
var result = Context.Ado.UseTran(() => action());
return result;
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
Context.Ado.RollbackTran();
Console.WriteLine(ex.Message);
throw;
}
}
public IStorageable<T> Storageable(T t)
{
return Context.Storageable<T>(t);
}
public IStorageable<T> Storageable(List<T> t)
{
return Context.Storageable(t);
}
/// <summary>
///
/// </summary>
/// <param name="client"></param>
/// <param name="action">增删改查方法</param>
/// <returns></returns>
public DbResult<bool> UseTran(SqlSugarClient client, Action action)
{
try
{
var result = client.AsTenant().UseTran(() => action());
return result;
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
client.AsTenant().RollbackTran();
Console.WriteLine(ex.Message);
throw;
}
}
public bool UseTran2(Action action)
{
var result = Context.Ado.UseTran(() => action());
return result.IsSuccess;
}
#region delete
public IDeleteable<T> Deleteable()
{
return Context.Deleteable<T>();
}
/// <summary>
/// 批量删除
/// </summary>
/// <param name="obj"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
public int Delete(object[] obj)
{
return Context.Deleteable<T>().In(obj).ExecuteCommand();
}
public int Delete(object id)
{
return Context.Deleteable<T>(id).ExecuteCommand();
}
public int DeleteTable()
{
return Context.Deleteable<T>().ExecuteCommand();
}
public bool Truncate()
{
return Context.DbMaintenance.TruncateTable<T>();
}
#endregion delete
#region query
public bool Any(Expression<Func<T, bool>> expression)
{
return Context.Queryable<T>().Where(expression).Any();
}
public ISugarQueryable<T> Queryable()
{
return Context.Queryable<T>();
}
public (List<T>, int) QueryableToPage(Expression<Func<T, bool>> expression, int pageIndex = 0, int pageSize = 10)
{
int totalNumber = 0;
var list = Context.Queryable<T>().Where(expression).ToPageList(pageIndex, pageSize, ref totalNumber);
return (list, totalNumber);
}
public (List<T>, int) QueryableToPage(Expression<Func<T, bool>> expression, string order, int pageIndex = 0, int pageSize = 10)
{
int totalNumber = 0;
var list = Context.Queryable<T>().Where(expression).OrderBy(order).ToPageList(pageIndex, pageSize, ref totalNumber);
return (list, totalNumber);
}
public (List<T>, int) QueryableToPage(Expression<Func<T, bool>> expression, Expression<Func<T, object>> orderFiled, string orderBy, int pageIndex = 0, int pageSize = 10)
{
int totalNumber = 0;
if (orderBy.Equals("DESC", StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase))
{
var list = Context.Queryable<T>().Where(expression).OrderBy(orderFiled, OrderByType.Desc).ToPageList(pageIndex, pageSize, ref totalNumber);
return (list, totalNumber);
}
else
{
var list = Context.Queryable<T>().Where(expression).OrderBy(orderFiled, OrderByType.Asc).ToPageList(pageIndex, pageSize, ref totalNumber);
return (list, totalNumber);
}
}
public List<T> SqlQueryToList(string sql, object obj = null)
{
return Context.Ado.SqlQuery<T>(sql, obj);
}
/// <summary>
/// 根据主值查询单条数据
/// </summary>
/// <param name="pkValue">主键值</param>
/// <returns>泛型实体</returns>
public T GetId(object pkValue)
{
return Context.Queryable<T>().InSingle(pkValue);
}
/// <summary>
/// 根据条件查询分页数据
/// </summary>
/// <param name="where"></param>
/// <param name="parm"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
public PagedInfo<T> GetPages(Expression<Func<T, bool>> where, PagerInfo parm)
{
var source = Context.Queryable<T>().Where(where);
return source.ToPage(parm);
}
public PagedInfo<T> GetPages(Expression<Func<T, bool>> where, PagerInfo parm, Expression<Func<T, object>> order, OrderByType orderEnum = OrderByType.Asc)
{
var source = Context.Queryable<T>().Where(where).OrderByIF(orderEnum == OrderByType.Asc, order, OrderByType.Asc).OrderByIF(orderEnum == OrderByType.Desc, order, OrderByType.Desc);
return source.ToPage(parm);
}
public PagedInfo<T> GetPages(Expression<Func<T, bool>> where, PagerInfo parm, Expression<Func<T, object>> order, string orderByType)
{
return GetPages(where, parm, order, orderByType == "desc" ? OrderByType.Desc : OrderByType.Asc);
}
/// <summary>
/// 查询所有数据(无分页,请慎用)
/// </summary>
/// <returns></returns>
public List<T> GetAll(bool useCache = false, int cacheSecond = 3600)
{
return Context.Queryable<T>().WithCacheIF(useCache, cacheSecond).ToList();
}
#endregion query
/// <summary>
/// 此方法不带output返回值
/// var list = new List<SugarParameter>();
/// list.Add(new SugarParameter(ParaName, ParaValue)); input
/// </summary>
/// <param name="procedureName"></param>
/// <param name="parameters"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
public DataTable UseStoredProcedureToDataTable(string procedureName, List<SugarParameter> parameters)
{
return Context.Ado.UseStoredProcedure().GetDataTable(procedureName, parameters);
}
/// <summary>
/// 带output返回值
/// var list = new List<SugarParameter>();
/// list.Add(new SugarParameter(ParaName, ParaValue, true)); output
/// list.Add(new SugarParameter(ParaName, ParaValue)); input
/// </summary>
/// <param name="procedureName"></param>
/// <param name="parameters"></param>
/// <returns></returns>
public (DataTable, List<SugarParameter>) UseStoredProcedureToTuple(string procedureName, List<SugarParameter> parameters)
{
var result = (Context.Ado.UseStoredProcedure().GetDataTable(procedureName, parameters), parameters);
return result;
}
}
/// <summary>
/// 分页查询扩展
/// </summary>
public static class QueryableExtension
{
/// <summary>
/// 读取列表
/// </summary>
/// <typeparam name="T"></typeparam>
/// <param name="source">查询表单式</param>
/// <param name="parm">分页参数</param>
/// <returns></returns>
public static PagedInfo<T> ToPage<T>(this ISugarQueryable<T> source, PagerInfo parm)
{
var page = new PagedInfo<T>();
var total = 0;
page.PageSize = parm.PageSize;
page.PageIndex = parm.PageNum;
page.Result = source.OrderByIF(!string.IsNullOrEmpty(parm.Sort), $"{parm.Sort} {(parm.SortType.Contains("desc") ? "desc" : "asc")}")
.ToPageList(parm.PageNum, parm.PageSize, ref total);
page.TotalNum = total;
return page;
}
}
}
#子类：
[AppService(ServiceLifetime = LifeTime.Transient)]
public class GenDemoRepository : BaseRepository<GenDemo>
{
#region 业务逻辑代码
#endregion
}
现在大家都学精了，都使用泛型基类来简化重复的代码，标准的架构还是按经典的三层架构标准来搭建。这个是基本功，不用说太细。
2).反射
反射：是.Net Framework和.Net Core提供的一个帮助类库，可以访问dll的metadata，并且使用它。
反射反射，程序员的快乐
/// <summary>
/// 注册引用程序域中所有有AppService标记的类的服务
/// </summary>
/// <param name="services"></param>
public static void AddAppService(this IServiceCollection services)
{
//var assemblies = AppDomain.CurrentDomain.GetAssemblies();
string []cls = new string[] { "Topaut.Repository", "Topaut.Service", "Topaut.Tasks" };
foreach (var item in cls)
{
Assembly assembly = Assembly.Load(item);
Register(services, assembly);
}
}
private static void Register(IServiceCollection services, Assembly assembly)
{
foreach (var type in assembly.GetTypes())
{
var serviceAttribute = type.GetCustomAttribute<AppServiceAttribute>();
if (serviceAttribute != null)
{
var serviceType = serviceAttribute.ServiceType;
//情况1 适用于依赖抽象编程，注意这里只获取第一个
if (serviceType == null && serviceAttribute.InterfaceServiceType)
{
serviceType = type.GetInterfaces().FirstOrDefault();
}
//情况2 不常见特殊情况下才会指定ServiceType，写起来麻烦
if (serviceType == null)
{
serviceType = type;
}
switch (serviceAttribute.ServiceLifetime)
{
case LifeTime.Singleton:
services.AddSingleton(serviceType, type);
break;
case LifeTime.Scoped:
services.AddScoped(serviceType, type);
break;
case LifeTime.Transient:
services.AddTransient(serviceType, type);
break;
default:
services.AddTransient(serviceType, type);
break;
}
//Console.WriteLine($"注册：{serviceType}");
}
else
{
//Console.WriteLine($"注册：{serviceType}");
}
}
}
}
官方各种Service注入IOC容器都是手写，框架作者利用反射实现了减少大量繁琐的固定写法，对于普通项目而言，反射的性能损耗微不足道的。
3).不重复造轮子集众家所长
有时程序员喜欢浪费生命去重复造轮子，如果是为了学习一次怎么造轮子是值得肯定的。否则就是吃饱了没事干闲的。现在是最好的时代（好多开源组件可用），也是最坏的时代（行业太卷）。框架作者使用了糖果大数据的开源组件SqlSugar来实现多数据库类型的支持，还有多租户，读写分离，分表分库这些数据库层面的数据存储方案。实现前后端分离参考了一些其他的优秀Vue实现的Admin框架。
在线体验
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vue3.x版本体验：http://www.izhaorui.cn/vue3
vue2.x版本体验：http://www.izhaorui.cn/admin
账号密码：admin/123456
https://gitee.com/izory/ZrAdminNetCore/